What term refers to an implied reference, often indirect?

The term that refers to an implied reference, often indirect, is an allusion. An allusion typically involves making a subtle or indirect reference to a person, place, event, or work of art, relying on the audience's familiarity with them to convey meaning or add depth to the context. This technique enhances the richness of writing by connecting ideas to broader themes or concepts without explicitly stating them.

For example, if a writer mentions "he met his Waterloo," it implies a significant defeat without needing to explain who or what Waterloo was, as the audience may recognize it as a reference to Napoleon's defeat. Allusions can be found in literature, speeches, and everyday conversation, serving both to evoke emotional responses and to build connections with historical or cultural references.

In contrast, idioms are phrases with meanings that are not derived from the literal interpretation of the words, parody refers to a humorous or satirical imitation of a particular work or style, and clichés are overused expressions that have lost their originality or impact. None of these options serve the same purpose as an allusion, which is why allusion is the correct choice.